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Tiro Association For Arts

Tyre International Short Film Festival

Name (Arabic): ู…ู‡ุฑุฌุงู† ุตูˆุฑ ุงู„ุณู‘ูŠู†ู…ุงุฆูŠ ู„ู„ุฃูู„ุงู… ุงู„ู‚ุตูŠุฑุฉ

Editions over the years: 11

2014: 1st edition - 2015: 2nd edition - 2016: 3rd edition - 2017: 4th edition - 2018: 5th edition 2019: 6th edition - 2020: 7th edition - 2021: 8th edition - 2022: 9th edition - 2023: 10th edition - 2024: 11th edition

English identification: The Tyre International Short Film Festival works on fostering local cinema and cultural exchange, as well as implementing artistic training workshops, seminars, and discussions with directors. This cinematic rally also dedicates a vast space for the senior projectโ€™s screenings.

The Tyre International Short Film Festival, marking its first cinematic event in South Lebanon since its debut in 2014 at Stars Cinema in Nabatieh, showcased 24 films from 20 countries. The festival was highlighted by the presence of Egyptian actor Mahmoud Qabil and honored director Jocelyn Saab. Dr. Qassim Qassim, head of the jury, announced the awards and recommendations, with โ€œWajdโ€ by Firas Al-Rubi from Palestine winning Best Film, and Fidaa Sbai receiving Best Director for โ€œThe Puzzleโ€ from Morocco. Best Actor was awarded to Amr Waked from Egypt and Marwan Ben Al-Arabi from Morocco, while Caroline Hatem from Lebanon and Francesca Daisi from Italy shared Best Actress. โ€œTravelersโ€ by Hussein Al-Shabani from Iraq earned Best Cinematography, and โ€œA Letter Under Deliveryโ€ by Hamza Melhem (Jordan) and Ahmed Shawqi (Iraq) for โ€œThe Keyโ€ received Best Screenplay. The Lebanese Film Award went to Diane Abou Chadid for โ€œEchoes,โ€ and the Best Documentary Award was given to Badram Yazdini for โ€œKatchamataโ€ from Iran and Spain. Jury Mentions included โ€œMasoudโ€ by Tanya Iskandar, โ€œSelf-Portraitโ€ by Alia Ayman from Egypt, and โ€œPurificationโ€ by Anwar Al-Zuraiqi from Oman.

Another 58 films from 32 countries participated in the second edition in 2015, which is when director George Nasser was honored. In addition to director Ghassan Salhab's participation.

Ammar Al-Aradi, the head of the jury, announced the official competition results, awarding the Best Film Award to โ€œDevil's Workโ€ by Miguel Silveira from the United States. The Best Documentary Award went to โ€œAzmari Meetingโ€ by Spanish director Javier Montejano, while the Best Animation Award was given to the Indian film โ€œGolden Birdโ€ by Debraj Sarkar. The Best Cinematography Award was presented to Ashay Gangwar for the Indian film โ€œKazwa โ€“ A Million Lanterns,โ€ and Yahya Muradโ€™s Lebanese film โ€œBelonging to Tripoliโ€ won Best Script. Bashir Abu Zeidโ€™s Lebanese film โ€œSoldier 888โ€ received the Best Director Award, and the Best Acting Award went to Georgian actress Nino Shingalaya for her role in โ€œInvisible Spaces,โ€ which also participated in the Cannes Film Festival. The Best Lebanese Film Award was given to โ€œCongratulationsโ€ by Cynthia Soma.

The third session of the festival launched in 2016, featured 61 films from 25 countries, screened in Tyre, Nabatieh, and Tripoli. โ€œAy Nyโ€ by Palestinian director Ahmed Saleh, a joint production between Germany and Jordan, won Best Film. The Best Direction Award went to โ€œChampionโ€ by Swedish director Mance Barzas, while โ€œA Night Under the Sunโ€ by French director Etienne Lerkota received the Best Cinematography Award. Best Animation was awarded to โ€œUgly Pretty Heartโ€ by Swiss director Juri Casares, and the Best Documentary Award went to โ€œProtestโ€ by Iraqi director Omar Falih. The Best Lebanese Film Award was given to โ€œTea with Milkโ€ by Mai Abdel Sattar, and the Best Script Award went to โ€œLe Donโ€ by Swiss director Sophie Brier. Christine Choueiri from Lebanon for โ€œA Mother, Butโ€ and Mirla Lambek and Iman Alblik from Croatia for โ€œThe Chickenโ€ shared the Best Actress Award. The Best Actor Award was won by Idris Rustomov from Azerbaijan for โ€œThe Last One,โ€ and Jury Mentions went to โ€œRoroโ€ by Iraqi director Muhammad Al-Amiri and โ€œDinolaโ€ by Georgian director Maryam Kachivani.

In contrast, the fourth session of the festival in 2017 faced challenges due to the forced closure of Stars Cinema in Nabatieh, leading the festival to be held in various schools with 52 films from 27 countries. The awards were as follows: โ€œBelle Villeโ€ by Jung Wonhee, a co-production between France and South Korea, won Best Short Film. Best Cinematography was awarded to Italian Antonio Lagocamera for โ€œFlashdust,โ€ shared with โ€œYasmineโ€ by Lebanese director Raghed Sharabati. The Best Script Award went to Spaniard Eduardo Casanova for โ€œFidel.โ€ The Best Animated Film Award was shared between โ€œFroilโ€ by Slovenian director Leon Vidmar and โ€œTrumpet Manโ€ by Emilioung from Hong Kong. Susan Wolf won Best Actress for her role in the German film โ€œDekuschโ€ directed by Jo Paul Kienast, while Max Fischnaller earned Best Actor for the Austrian film โ€œEranrovโ€ directed by Johann Schulz. The Best Director Award was shared between Japanese director Yvonning for โ€œCloudcomoโ€ and Iranian director Mohsen Nabafi. The Best Documentary Award went to Danish Camille Bildsoe for โ€œI Am Still Alive,โ€ shared with โ€œSophieโ€ by Egyptian director Khaled Abdel Samee. The Best Lebanese Film Award was jointly awarded to โ€œSagaโ€ by Ahmed Khalil from NDU University and โ€œThe Cloud Brothersโ€ by Manar Saad from Saint Joseph University. The Jury Award was given to Indian director Praveen Karuna for โ€œLimbanโ€ and Algerian director Rafik Mebarek for โ€œBroken Branches.โ€

The fifth and sixth sessions of the Tyre International Short Film Festival, held in 2018 and 2019, took place at the Lebanese National Theater in Tyre as part of the Tyro International Art Festival, featuring films from across the globe. The seventh session in 2020 showcased 52 films from 19 countries and paid tribute to the late director Jean Chamoun. The official competition results were as follows: The Best Documentary Film Award was shared between โ€œKhadijaโ€ from Morocco and โ€œThe Perforated City Roofโ€ by Muslim Habib from Iraq. The Best Dramatic Narrative Film Award went to โ€œThe Suitcaseโ€ by Ali Eidan from Iraq. The Best Animation Film Award was jointly awarded to โ€œFactory Fabrikaโ€ by Batuhan Koksal from Turkey and โ€œSemanticsโ€ by Arup Dwivedi from India. The Best Cinematography Award was shared by โ€œI Donโ€™t Like Sugarโ€ by Wassim Kashlan from Sweden and โ€œA Tale of an Orange Asliโ€ by Lizan Al-Asadi from Malaysia. The Best Actor Award was given to Vasyl Basha from Ukraine for โ€œIn the Battleโ€ and Rodrigue Sleiman from Lebanon for โ€œA Picture, a Hotel and For Her.โ€ Joya Jabbour won Best Actress for โ€œRoyaโ€ from Lebanon, shared with Rahaf Al Jaber from Syria for โ€œCalm.โ€ The Best Lebanese Film Award went to โ€œWhatโ€™s Your Name?โ€ by Nour Al Majber. The jury also commended โ€œRoutine Filmโ€ by Osama Daoud from Syria, โ€œDo You See Meโ€ by Abdullah Moatan from Palestine, โ€œCinema Rivoliโ€ by Yavuz Bolukkum from Turkey, and โ€œThe Starโ€ by Gilbert Karam from Lebanon.

The eighth session of the Tyre International Short Film Festival held in 2021, featured 27 films from 13 countries. The competition results were as follows: The Best Narrative Film Award went to โ€œPosterโ€ by Jorge M. Unkovski from North Macedonia. The Best Screenplay Award was won by Alejandro Angel Torres from Colombia for โ€œShakiro.โ€ The Best Documentary Award was given to โ€œGaza Bulletโ€ by Iyad Al-Astal from Palestine. The Best Animation Award went to โ€œBall of Threadโ€ by Aya Fouad Madani from Egypt. The Best Cinematography Award was awarded to โ€œDayiโ€ by Anthony Nti from Ghana and Belgium. The Best Actor Award was presented to Dia Harb for โ€œLife by Dropperโ€ from Palestine, and the Best Actress Award went to Anahita Afsharan for โ€œThe Witnessโ€ from France and Iran. The Special Youth Jury Award was given to Nour Barghouti for โ€œAround My Homeโ€ from Palestine.

The Tyre International Short Film Festivalโ€™s ninth edition was launched under the slogan "Cinema for Free Expression" in 2022, in the presence of artists and the traineesโ€™ parents. This edition included a musical performance by Le Chat Artiste Parade, TAAโ€™s dance team, and the Jaffa Dabkeh band, as well as exhibitions of old film posters from Lebanon, Egypt, and India, and the screening of seven short films. It also included 34 documentaries, animated, and fiction films from 21 countries, which are: Australia, Bahrain, Brazil, Iceland, Canada, Czechia, Slovenia, Egypt, France, Lebanon, Morocco, Palestine, Belgium, Syria, the United States of America, Jordan, Mauritania, Tunisia, Iraq, Italy, and the United Kingdom. Back then, the films were competing for a best animated movie, best fiction film, best documentary, best actor, and best actress. Mai Masri, a Palestinian filmmaker, Bahij Hojeij, a Lebanese film director, and Ana Cendrero รlvarez, a Spanish director, were the jurors who honored: - Best Animated Movie: โ€œString Ballโ€, Egypt. - Best Fiction film: โ€œTomorrow comes loveโ€, Palestine, Lebanon, France, and Belgium. - Best Documentary: โ€œScenes from Homeโ€, Lebanon. - Best Actor: Houman Reda, โ€œAn Ordinary Dayโ€, Syria. - Best Actress: Badu Morais, โ€œAugust Skyโ€, Brazil and Iceland.

The 10th edition of the Tyre International Short Film Festival, held under the slogan "Cinema for All" at the Free Lebanese National Theater in Tyre, showcased 29 films from 18 countries, including Algeria, Saudi Arabia, Iraq, France, Iran, Syria, Bahrain, Switzerland, the USA, the UK, Belgium, the Czech Republic, Palestine, Italy, Jordan, China, Egypt, and Lebanon, in collaboration with the Swiss Drosos Foundation. The jury results were as follows: The Best Feature Film Award was shared between โ€œSame Ageโ€ by Ared Lee Choi from the USA and โ€œHaircutโ€ by Zhao Enran from China. The Best Documentary Award went to โ€œThe Children of the RBJโ€ by Abdullah Moattan from Palestine. The Best Animation Award was given to โ€œSizeโ€ by Joseph Pearce from Britain, Belgium, France, and the Czech Republic. The Best Screenplay Award was won by โ€œNike Fallโ€ from Syria. The Best Actor Award was awarded to Eli Ohana for โ€œBefore the Big Collapseโ€ by Lebanese director Asaad Al-Khawiri. The Best Cinematography Award was shared by โ€œFrom the Mountainโ€ by Faisal Atrashi from Jordan and โ€œBefore the Big Collapseโ€ from Lebanon. The Best Actress Award went to Shen Yubi for โ€œHaircutโ€ by Zhao Enran from China. The Jury Commendation Award, presented by Spanish director Ana Alvarez, Sudanese director Nasser Youssef, and Lebanese directors Muriel Abu Al-Rous, Walid Mounes, Fadi Seriani, and Shadi Zeidan, was given to โ€œPartridgeโ€ by Louay Fadel and โ€œMirrorsโ€ by Mohammed Arkan from Iraq. The Audience Award was won by โ€œAl-Minyurโ€ by Mohammed Al-Ajmi from the Sultanate of Oman.

The 11th session of the Tyre International Short Film Festival, dedicated to artist Antoine Kerbaj, featured 29 films from 27 countries. The competition results were as follows: The Best Documentary Film Award was won by โ€œThe Challengeโ€ by Jaafar Ali from Iraq, and the Best Animation Film Award went to โ€œFrom the Seaโ€ by Leeshan Thompson from Canada. The Best Narrative Film Award was shared between โ€œA Normal Dayโ€ by Aba Al Hassan Qasim from Iraq and โ€œThe Trialโ€ by Ahmed Salam from Iraqi Kurdistan. The Best Screenplay Award was jointly awarded to โ€œThe Poolโ€ by Reem Al Majed and โ€œThe Transferโ€ by Dhafer Al Shahri, both from Saudi Arabia. The Best Cinematography Award went to Jamal and Mohammed Matar for โ€œInternal Nightโ€ by Hussam Sharabati from Syria. Ala Basha won the Best Actress Award for โ€œInternal Night.โ€ The Audience Award was given to โ€œLast Breathโ€ by Rawan Founi from Lebanon. The Jury Mention Award went to โ€œUnder the Sandโ€ by Jean Al Balushi from Bahrain and โ€œGod Have Mercy on Himโ€ by Antoine Antabi, a collaboration among Germany, France, and Qatar. The festival also honored the late Samir Ghanem, Dalal Abdel Aziz, the late director Louay Fadel, and Iraqi writer Abdul Karim Salama.

Arabic identification

ูŠุนู…ู„ ุงู„ู…ู‡ุฑุฌุงู† ุนู„ู‰ ุฏุนู… ุงู„ุณู‘ูŠู†ู…ุง ุงู„ู…ุญู„ูŠู‘ุฉ ูˆุงู„ุชู‘ุจุงุฏู„ ุงู„ุซู‘ู‚ุงููŠ ูˆุฅู‚ุงู…ุฉ ุงู„ูˆุฑุด ุงู„ุชู‘ุฏุฑูŠุจูŠู‘ุฉ ูˆุงู„ู†ู‘ุฏูˆุงุช ูˆุงู„ู†ู‘ู‚ุงุดุงุช ู…ุน ุงู„ู…ุฎุฑุฌูŠู†ุŒ ูˆุชูุฎุตู‘ุต ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุชู‘ุธุงู‡ุฑุฉ ุงู„ุณู‘ูŠู†ู…ุงุฆูŠู‘ุฉ ู…ุณุงุญุฉ ูƒุจูŠุฑุฉ ู„ุนุฑุถ ุฃูู„ุงู… ู…ุดุงุฑูŠุน ุงู„ุทู‘ู„ุงุจ

ูŠุนุฏู‘ู ู…ู‡ุฑุฌุงู† ุตูˆุฑ ุงู„ูู†ู‘ูŠู‘ ุงู„ุฏู‘ูˆู„ูŠู‘ ู„ู„ุฃูู„ุงู… ุงู„ู‚ุตูŠุฑุฉ ุงู„ุญุฏุซ ุงู„ุณู‘ูŠู†ู…ุงุฆูŠู‘ ุงู„ุฃูˆู‘ู„ ููŠ ุชุงุฑูŠุฎ ุงู„ุฌู†ูˆุจ ูˆุฐู„ูƒ ู…ู†ุฐ ุงู†ุทู„ุงู‚ ุงู„ุฏู‘ูˆุฑุฉ ุงู„ุฃูˆู„ู‰ ุนุงู… ูขู ูกูค ููŠ ุณูŠู†ู…ุง ุณุชุงุฑุฒ ููŠ ู…ุฏูŠู†ุฉ ุงู„ู†ู‘ุจุทูŠู‘ุฉุŒ ุจู…ุดุงุฑูƒุฉ ูขูค ููŠู„ู…ู‹ุง ู…ู† ูขู  ุจู„ุฏู‹ุงุŒ ูˆููŠ ุญุถูˆุฑ ุงู„ู…ู…ุซู‘ู„ ุงู„ู…ุตุฑูŠู‘ ู…ุญู…ูˆุฏ ู‚ุงุจูŠู„ ูˆูƒุฑู‘ู…ุช ุงู„ู…ุฎุฑุฌุฉ ุฌูˆุณู„ูŠู† ุตุนุจ. ูˆุฃุนู„ู† ุฑุฆูŠุณ ู„ุฌู†ุฉ ุงู„ุชุญูƒูŠู… ุงู„ุฏูƒุชูˆุฑ ู‚ุงุณู… ู‚ุงุณู… ุฌูˆุงุฆุฒ ุงู„ู…ุณุงุจู‚ุฉ ูˆุชูˆุตูŠุงุช ุงู„ู„ุฌู†ุฉ ุงู„ุชุญูƒูŠู…ูŠุฉ ูˆูƒุงู†ุช ุงู„ู†ุชุงุฆุฌ ูƒุงู„ุชุงู„ูŠ: ุฃูุถู„ ููŠู„ู…: โ€œูˆุฌุฏโ€ ู„ูุฑุงุณ ุงู„ุฑูˆุจูŠ ู…ู† ูู„ุณุทูŠู† ูˆุฃูุถู„ ู…ุฎุฑุฌ: ูุฏุงุก ุณุจุงุนูŠ ุนู† ููŠู„ู… โ€œุงู„ู„ู‘ุบุฒโ€ ู…ู† ุงู„ู…ุบุฑุจ ูˆุฃูุถู„ ู…ู…ุซู„: ุนู…ุฑูˆ ูˆุงูƒุฏ ู…ู† ู…ุตุฑ ู…ู†ุงุตูุฉ ู…ุน ู…ุฑูˆุงู† ุจู† ุงู„ุนุฑุจูŠ ู…ู† ุงู„ู…ุบุฑุจ ูˆุฃูุถู„ ู…ู…ุซู„ุฉ ูƒุงุฑูˆู„ูŠู† ุญุงุชู… ู…ู† ู„ุจู†ุงู† ู…ู†ุงุตูุฉ ู…ุน ูุฑุงู†ุดูŠุณูƒุง ุฏุงูŠุฒูŠ ู…ู† ุงูŠุทุงู„ูŠุง ูˆุฃูุถู„ ุชุตูˆูŠุฑ ุณูŠู†ู…ุงุฆูŠ : โ€œู…ุณุงูุฑูˆู†โ€ ู„ุญุณูŠู† ุงู„ุดุจุงู†ูŠ ู…ู† ุงู„ุนุฑุงู‚ ูˆุฃูุถู„ ู†ุต ุณูŠู†ู…ุงุฆูŠ: โ€œุฑุณุงู„ุฉ ู‚ูŠุฏ ุงู„ุชุณู„ูŠู…โ€ ู„ุญู…ุฒุฉ ู…ู„ุญู… ู…ู† ุงู„ุงุฑุฏู†ุŒ ู…ู†ุงุตูุฉ ู…ุน ุฃุญู…ุฏ ุดูˆู‚ูŠ ู…ู† ุงู„ุนุฑุงู‚ ุนู† ููŠู„ู… โ€œุงู„ู…ูุชุงุญโ€ ูˆุฌุงุฆุฒุฉ ุงู„ููŠู„ู… ุงู„ู„ุจู†ุงู†ูŠ: โ€œุฃุตุฏุงุกโ€ ู„ุฏูŠุงู† ุฃุจูˆ ุดุฏูŠุฏ ูˆุฌุงุฆุฒุฉ ุฃูุถู„ ููŠู„ู… ูˆุซุงุฆู‚ูŠ: ุจุงุฏุฑู… ูŠุฒุฏูŠู†ูŠ ุนู† ููŠู„ู… โ€ ูƒุชุดุงู…ุงุชุง โ€ ู…ู† ุฅูŠุฑุงู† ูˆุงุณุจุงู†ูŠุง. ูˆุชู†ูˆูŠู‡ ู„ุฌู†ุฉ ุงู„ุชุญูƒูŠู… : ููŠู„ู… โ€œู…ุณุนูˆุฏโ€ ู„ุชุงู†ูŠุง ุฅุณูƒู†ุฏุฑ ูˆููŠู„ู… โ€œุตูˆุฑุฉ ุดุฎุตูŠุฉ โ€œู„ุนู„ูŠุงุก ุฃูŠู…ู† ู…ู† ู…ุตุฑ ูˆููŠู„ู… โ€œุงู„ุทู‡ูˆุฑ โ€œู…ู† ุงุฎุฑุงุฌ ุฃู†ูˆุฑ ุงู„ุฒุฑูŠู‚ูŠ ู…ู† ุณู„ุทู†ุฉ ุนู…ุงู†

ูˆู‚ุฏ ุดุงุฑูƒ ูฅูจ ููŠู„ู…ู‹ุง ู…ู† ูฃูข ุฏูˆู„ุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ุฏู‘ูˆุฑุฉ ุงู„ุซู‘ุงู†ูŠุฉ ุงู„ุชูŠ ุฃูุทู„ู‚ุช ุนุงู… ูขู ูกูฅุŒ ูˆุดู‡ุฏุช ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุฏู‘ูˆุฑุฉ ุชูƒุฑูŠู… ุงู„ู…ุฎุฑุฌ ุฌูˆุฑุฌ ู†ุตุฑ.ุจุงู„ุฅุถุงูุฉ ุงู„ู‰ ู…ุดุงุฑูƒุฉ ุงู„ู…ุฎุฑุฌ ุบุณู‘ุงู† ุณู„ู‡ุจ

ูˆุฃุนู„ู† ุฑุฆูŠุณ ู„ุฌู†ุฉ ุงู„ุชุญูƒูŠู… ุนู…ุงุฑ ุงู„ุนุฑุงุฏูŠ ุนู† ู†ุชุงุฆุฌ ุงู„ู…ุณุงุจู‚ุฉ ุงู„ุฑุณู…ูŠุฉุŒ ูˆุงู„ุชูŠ ุฃูุฑุฒุช ููˆุฒ ุงู„ููŠู„ู… ุงู„ุฑูˆุงุฆูŠ "ุงุนู…ุงู„ ุงู„ุดูŠุทุงู†" ู„ู„ู…ุฎุฑุฌ "ู…ูŠุบูŠู„ ุณูŠู„ููŠุฑุง" ู…ู† ุงู„ูˆู„ุงูŠุงุช ุงู„ู…ุชุญุฏุฉ ุจุฌุงุฆุฒุฉ ุฃูุถู„ ููŠู„ู…ุŒ ูˆุขู„ุช ุฌุงุฆุฒุฉ ุฃูุถู„ ููŠู„ู… ูˆุซุงุฆู‚ูŠ ู„ู€ "Azmari meeting " ู„ู„ู…ุฎุฑุฌ ุงู„ุฅุณุจุงู†ูŠ "ุฎุงููŠูŠุฑ ู…ูˆู†ุชูŠุฎุงู†ูˆ"ุŒ ูˆุฌุงุฆุฒุฉ ุฃูุถู„ ููŠู„ู… ุชุญุฑูŠูƒ ู„ู„ููŠู„ู… ุงู„ู‡ู†ุฏูŠ "Golden Bird" ู„ู„ู…ุฎุฑุฌ "ุฏุจุฑุงุฌ ุณุงุฑูƒุงุฑ"ุŒ ุฃู…ุง ุฌุงุฆุฒุฉ ุฃูุถู„ ุชุตูˆูŠุฑุŒ ูู†ุงู„ู‡ุง ุงู„ููŠู„ู… ุงู„ู‡ู†ุฏูŠ"Kazwa-A million Lanterns" ู„ู…ุฏูŠุฑ ุงู„ุชุตูˆูŠุฑ "ุขุดุงูŠ ุบุงู†ุบูˆุงุฑ"ุŒ ูˆุฌุงุฆุฒุฉ ุฃูุถู„ ู†ุต ู†ุงู„ู‡ุง ุงู„ููŠู„ู… ุงู„ู„ุจู†ุงู†ูŠ "ุฅู†ุชู…ุงุก ุทุฑุงุจู„ุณ" ู„ูŠุญูŠู‰ ู…ุฑุงุฏุŒ ููŠู…ุง ุขู„ุช ุฌุงุฆุฒุฉ ุฃูุถู„ ุฅุฎุฑุงุฌ ู„ู„ููŠู„ู… ุงู„ู„ุจู†ุงู†ูŠ โ€œSoldier 888โ€ ู„ุจุดูŠุฑ ุฃุจูˆ ุฒูŠุฏุŒ ูˆุฌุงุฆุฒุฉ ุฃูุถู„ ุชู…ุซูŠู„ ูุงุฒุช ุจู‡ุง ุงู„ู…ู…ุซู„ุฉ ุงู„ุฌูˆุฑุฌูŠุฉ "ู†ูŠู†ูˆ ุดูŠู†ุบุงู„ุงูŠุง " ุนู† ุงู„ููŠู„ู… ุงู„ุฐูŠ ุณุจู‚ ูˆุดุงุฑูƒ ููŠ ู…ู‡ุฑุฌุงู† ูƒุงู† ุงู„ุณูŠู†ู…ุงุฆูŠ โ€œInvisible Spacesโ€ ุŒ ุจูŠู†ู…ุง ุฌุงุฆุฒุฉ ุฃูุถู„ ููŠู„ู… ู„ุจู†ุงู†ูŠ ุขู„ุช "ู„ุณูŠู†ุชูŠุง ุตูˆู…ุง" ุนู† ููŠู„ู… "congratulations"

ุฃู…ุง ุงู„ุฏู‘ูˆุฑุฉ ุงู„ุซู‘ุงู„ุซุฉ ุงู„ุชูŠ ุฃูุทู„ู‚ุช ุนุงู… ูขู ูกูฆ ูุฌุงุกุช ุจู…ุดุงุฑูƒุฉ ูฆูก ููŠู„ู…ู‹ุง ู…ู† ูขูฅ ุฏูˆู„ุฉ . ูƒู…ุง ุนูุฑุถุช ุงู„ุฃูู„ุงู… ููŠ ูƒู„ ู…ู† ู…ุฏูŠู†ุฉ ุตูˆุฑ ูˆุงู„ู†ู‘ุจุทูŠุฉ ูˆุทุฑุงุจู„ุณ ุถู…ู† ูุนุงู„ูŠู‘ุงุช ุงู„ู…ู‡ุฑุฌุงู†. ู†ุงู„ ุฌุงุฆุฒุฉ ุฃูุตู„ ููŠู„ู… " Ay Ny" ู„ู„ู…ุฎุฑุฌ ุงู„ูู„ุณุทูŠู†ูŠ ุฃุญู…ุฏ ุตุงู„ุญ ูˆู‡ูˆ ุฅู†ุชุงุฌ ู…ุดุชุฑูƒ ุจูŠู† ุฃู„ู…ุงู†ูŠุง ูˆุงู„ุงุฑุฏู† ูˆุญุตุฏ ูู„ูŠู…" Champion" ู„ู„ู…ุฎุฑุฌ ุงู„ุณูˆูŠุฏูŠ ู…ุงู†ุณ ุจุฑุฒุงุณ ุฌุงุฆุฒุฉ ุฃูุถู„ ุฅุฎุฑุงุฌ , ูˆุญุงุฒ ุฌุงุฆุฒุฉ ุฃูุถู„ ุชุตูˆูŠุฑ "A Night Under the sun " ู„ู„ู…ุฎุฑุฌ ุงู„ูุฑู†ุณูŠ ุฅุชูŠู† ู„ุฑูƒูˆุชุง , ูˆุฌุงุฆุฒุฉ ุฃูุถู„ ููŠู„ู… ุชุญุฑูŠูƒ " Ugly pretty heart " ู„ู„ู…ุฎุฑุฌ ุงู„ุณูˆูŠุณุฑูŠ ุฌูˆุฑูŠ ูƒุงุณุงุฑูŠุณ , ูˆุฌุงุฆุฒุฉ ุฃูุถู„ ููŠู„ู… ูˆุซุงุฆู‚ูŠ " Protest " ู„ู„ู…ุฎุฑุฌ ุงู„ุนุฑุงู‚ูŠ ุนู…ุฑ ูุงู„ุญ , ูˆ ุฌุงุฆุฒุฉ ุฃูุถู„ ููŠู„ู… ู„ุจู†ุงู†ูŠ " ุดุงูŠ ุจุงู„ู„ุจู† " ู„ู„ู…ุฎุฑุฌุฉ ู…ูŠ ุนุจุฏุงู„ุณุชุงุฑ , ูˆุฌุงุฆุฒุฉ ุฃูุถู„ ู†ุต " Le don " ู„ู„ู…ุฎุฑุฌุฉ ุงู„ุณูˆูŠุณุฑูŠุฉ ุตูˆููŠ ุจุฑูŠุฑ , ุฌุงุฆุฒุฉ ุฃูุถู„ ู…ู…ุซู„ุฉ ู„ู„ุจู†ุงู†ูŠุฉ ูƒุฑูŠุณุชูŠู† ุดูˆูŠุฑูŠ ุนู† ููŠู„ู… " ุฃู… ูˆู„ูƒู† " ุจุงู„ู…ู†ุงุตูุฉ ู…ุน ู…ูŠุฑู„ุง ู„ุงู…ุจูŠูƒ ูˆุฅูŠู…ุงู† ุฃู„ุจู„ูŠูƒ ู…ู† ูƒุฑูˆุงุชูŠุง ุนู† ููŠู„ู… " The chicken " , ุฌุงุฆุฒุฉ ุฃูุถู„ ู…ู…ุซู„ ู†ุงู„ู‡ุง ุฅุฏุฑูŠุณ ุฑุณุชูˆู…ูˆู ู…ู† ุฃุฐุฑุจูŠุฌุงู† ุนู† ููŠู„ู… " The last one " , ูˆุฌุงุฆุฒุฉ ุชู†ูˆูŠู‡ ู„ุฌู†ุฉ ุงู„ุชุญูƒูŠู… " ุฑูˆุฑูˆ " ู„ู„ู…ุฎุฑุฌ ุงู„ุนุฑุงู‚ูŠ ู…ุญู…ุฏ ุงู„ุนุงู…ุฑูŠ ูˆ ููŠู„ู… " Dinola " ู„ู„ู…ุฎุฑุฌุฉ ู…ุฑูŠู… ูƒุงุชุดูŠูุงู†ูŠ ู…ู† ุฌูˆุฑุฌูŠุง .

ููŠ ุงู„ู…ู‚ุงุจู„ุŒ ุดู‡ุฏุช ุงู„ุฏู‘ูˆุฑุฉ ุงู„ุฑู‘ุงุจุนุฉ ุนุงู… ูขู ูกูง ุฅู‚ูุงู„ู‹ุง ู‚ุณุฑูŠู‹ุง ู„ุณูŠู†ู…ุง ุณุชุงุฑุฒ ููŠ ู…ุฏูŠู†ุฉ ุงู„ู†ู‘ุจุทูŠุฉุŒ ู…ู…ุง ุงุถุทุฑู‘ ุฅุฏุงุฑุฉ ุงู„ู…ู‡ุฑุฌุงู† ู„ุฅู‚ุงู…ุชู‡ ููŠ ู…ุฎุชู„ู ุงู„ู…ุฏุงุฑุณ ูˆุฐู„ูƒ ุจู…ุดุงุฑูƒุฉ ูฅูข ููŠู„ู…ู‹ุง ู…ู† ูขูง ุจู„ุฏู‹ุง. ูˆุฌุงุกุช ู†ุชุงุฆุฌ ุงู„ู…ู‡ุฑุฌุงู† ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุดูƒู„ ุงู„ุชุงู„ูŠ: ู†ุงู„ ููŠู„ู…"ุจูŠู„ ููŠู„" ู„ุฌูˆู†ุบ ูˆู†ู‡ูŠ ุฌุงุฆุฒุฉ ุฃูุถู„ ููŠู„ู… ู‚ุตูŠุฑ ูˆู‡ูˆ ุฅู†ุชุงุฌ ู…ุดุชุฑูƒ ุจูŠู† ูุฑู†ุณุง ูˆูƒูˆุฑูŠุง ุงู„ุฌู†ูˆุจูŠุฉุŒ ูˆู†ุงู„ ุงู„ุฅูŠุทุงู„ูŠ ุฃู†ุทูˆู†ูŠูˆ ู„ุงุฌูˆูƒุงู…ูŠุฑุง ุฌุงุฆุฒุฉ ุฃูุถู„ ุชุตูˆูŠุฑ ุณูŠู†ู…ุงุฆูŠ ุนู† "ูู„ุงุด ุฏุณุช" ุจุงู„ู…ู†ุงุตูุฉ ู…ุน "ูŠุงุณู…ูŠู†" ู„ุฑุงุบุฏ ุดุงุฑุงุจุงุชูŠ ู…ู† ู„ุจู†ุงู† ุŒูˆู†ุงู„ ุฌุงุฆุฒุฉ ุฃูุถู„ ู†ุต "ููŠุฏู„" ู„ู„ุฅุณุจุงู†ูŠ ุฅุฏูˆุงุฑุฏูˆ ูƒุงุณุงู†ูˆูุงุŒ ุฃู…ุง ุฌุงุฆุฒุฉ ุฃูุถู„ ููŠู„ู… ุชุญุฑูŠูƒ ุจุงู„ู…ู†ุงุตูุฉ ุจูŠู†"ูุฑูˆูŠู„" ู„ู„ูŠูˆู† ููŠุฏู…ุงุฑ ู…ู† ุณู„ูˆููŠู†ูŠุง ูˆ"ุชุฑู…ุจูŠุช ู…ุงู†" ู„ุฅู…ูŠู„ูŠูˆู†ุบ ู…ู† ู‡ูˆู†ุบ ูƒูˆู†ุบุŒ ูˆู†ุงู„ุช ุณูˆุฒุงู† ูˆู„ู ุฌุงุฆุฒุฉ ุฃูุถู„ ู…ู…ุซู„ุฉ ุนู† ุงู„ููŠู„ู… ุงู„ุฃู„ู…ุงู†ูŠ "ุฏูŠูƒูˆุด" ู„ุฌูˆ ุจูˆู„ ูƒูŠู†ุงุณุช ุŒูˆู†ุงู„ ู…ุงูƒุณ ููŠุณุดู†ุงู„ุฑ ุฌุงุฆุฒุฉ ุฃูุถู„ ู…ู…ุซู„ ุนู† ุงู„ููŠู„ู… ุงู„ู†ู…ุณุงูˆูŠ "ุฅุฑุงู†ุฑูˆู" ู„ูŠูˆู‡ุงู† ุดูˆู„ุฒุŒูˆู†ุงู„ ุงู„ูŠุงุจุงู†ูŠ ูŠููˆู†ู†ุบ ุฌุงุฆุฒุฉ ุฃูุถู„ ุฅุฎุฑุงุฌ ุนู† ููŠู„ู…"ูƒู„ูˆุฏูƒูˆู…ูˆ" ุจุงู„ู…ู†ุงุตูุฉ ู…ุน ุงู„ุฅูŠุฑุงู†ูŠ ู…ุญุณู† ู†ุงุจุงููŠุŒ ูˆุญุตุฏ ุงู„ุฏู†ู…ุงุฑูƒูŠ ูƒู…ูŠู„ ุจูŠู„ุฏุณูˆ ุฌุงุฆุฒุฉ ุฃูุถู„ ููŠู„ู… ูˆุซุงุฆู‚ูŠ ุนู† "ุฃู†ุง ู„ุง ุฃุฒุงู„ ุนู„ู‰ ู‚ูŠุฏ ุงู„ุญูŠุงุฉ" ุจุงู„ู…ู†ุงุตูุฉ ู…ุน ููŠู„ู… "ุตูˆููŠ" ู„ู„ู…ุฎุฑุฌ ุงู„ู…ุตุฑูŠ ุฎุงู„ุฏ ุนุจุฏ ุงู„ุณู…ูŠุนุŒ ูˆู†ุงู„ ุฃุญู…ุฏ ุฎู„ูŠู„ ุนู† "ุณุงุฌุง" ู…ู† ุฌุงู…ุนุฉ ุงู† ุฏูŠ ูŠูˆ ุฌุงุฆุฒุฉ ุฃูุถู„ ููŠู„ู… ู„ุจู†ุงู†ูŠ ุจุงู„ู…ู†ุงุตูุฉ ู…ุน ููŠู„ู… "ุงู„ุงุฎูˆุฉ ุณุญุงุจ" ู„ู…ู†ุงุฑ ุณุนุฏ ู…ู† ุฌุงู…ุนุฉ ุงู„ู‚ุฏูŠุณ ูŠูˆุณู ุŒุฃู…ุง ุฌุงุฆุฒุฉ ุชู†ูˆุจุฉ ู„ุฌู†ุฉ ุงู„ุชุญูƒูŠู… ุญุตุฏู‡ุง ุงู„ู…ุฎุฑุฌ ุงู„ู‡ู†ุฏูŠ ุจุฑุงููŠู† ูƒุงุฑูˆู†ุง ุนู† " ู„ูŠู…ุจุงู†"ุŒูˆุงู„ุฌุฒุงุฆุฑูŠ ุฑููŠู‚ ู…ุจุฑูƒ ุนู† ููŠู„ู… "ุฃุบุตุงู† ู…ุชู‚ุทุนุฉ" .

ูƒู…ุง ุฃู‚ูŠู…ุช ูƒู„ ู…ู† ุงู„ุฏู‘ูˆุฑุฉ ุงู„ุฎุงู…ุณุฉ ุนุงู… ูขู ูกูจ ูˆุงู„ุณู‘ุงุฏุณุฉ ุนุงู… ูขู ูกูฉ ุถู…ู† ูุนุงู„ูŠู‘ุงุช ู…ู‡ุฑุฌุงู† ุชูŠุฑูˆ ุงู„ูู†ู‘ูŠู‘ ุงู„ุฏู‘ูˆู„ูŠู‘ ููŠ ุงู„ู…ุณุฑุญ ุงู„ูˆุทู†ูŠู‘ ุงู„ู„ู‘ุจู†ุงู†ูŠู‘ ููŠ ู…ุฏูŠู†ุฉ ุตูˆุฑ ุจู…ุดุงุฑูƒุฉ ุฃูู„ุงู… ู…ู† ู…ุฎุชู„ู ู‚ุงุฑู‘ุงุช ุงู„ุนุงู„ู…. ุจุฏูˆุฑู‡ุง ุดู‡ุฏุช ุงู„ุฏู‘ูˆุฑุฉ ุงู„ุณู‘ุงุจุนุฉ ุนุงู… ูขู ูขู  ู…ุดุงุฑูƒุฉ ูฅูข ููŠู„ู…ู‹ุง ู…ู† ูกูฉ ุจู„ุฏู‹ุงุŒ ูˆูƒุฑู‘ู…ุช ุงู„ู…ุฎุฑุฌ ุงู„ุฑู‘ุงุญู„ ุฌุงู† ุดู…ุนูˆู†ุŒ ูˆุฌุงุกุช ู†ุชุงุฆุฌ ุงู„ู…ุณุงุจู‚ุฉ ุงู„ุฑุณู…ูŠุฉ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุดูƒู„ ุงู„ุชุงู„ูŠ: ุฌุงุฆุฒุฉ ุฃูุถู„ ููŠู„ู… ูˆุซุงุฆู‚ูŠ ู…ู†ุงุตูุฉ ุจูŠู† ููŠู„ู… โ€œุฎุฏูŠุฌุฉโ€ ู…ู† ุงู„ู…ุบุฑุจุŒ ูˆููŠู„ู… โ€œุณู‚ู ุงู„ู…ุฏูŠู†ุฉ ุงู„ู…ุซู‚ูˆุจโ€ ู„ู…ุณู„ู… ุญุจูŠุจ ู…ู† ุงู„ุนุฑุงู‚ุŒ ูˆุฌุงุฆุฒุฉ ุฃูุถู„ ููŠู„ู… ุฑูˆุงุฆูŠ ุฏุฑุงู…ูŠ ุฐู‡ุจุช ู„ููŠู„ู… โ€œุงู„ุญู‚ูŠุจุฉโ€ ู„ุนู„ูŠ ุนูŠุฏุงู† ู…ู† ุงู„ุนุฑุงู‚ ุŒูˆุฌุงุฆุฒุฉ ุฃูุถู„ ููŠู„ู… ุชุญุฑูŠูƒ ู…ู†ุงุตูุฉ ุจูŠู† ููŠู„ู… โ€œFactory Fabrikaโ€ ู„ุจุงุชูˆู‡ุงู† ูƒูˆูƒุณุงู„ ู…ู† ุชุฑูƒูŠุง ุŒูˆููŠู„ู… โ€œSemanticsโ€ ู„ุฃุฑูˆุจ ุฏูˆูŠููŠุฏูŠ ู…ู† ุงู„ู‡ู†ุฏุŒ ุฃู…ุง ุฌุงุฆุฒุฉ ุฃูุถู„ ุชุตูˆูŠุฑ ุณูŠู†ู…ุงุฆูŠ ู…ู†ุงุตูุฉ ุจูŠู† ููŠู„ู… โ€œุฃู†ุง ู„ุง ุฃุญุจ ุงู„ุณูƒุฑโ€ ู„ูˆุณูŠู… ู‚ุดู„ุงู† ู…ู† ุงู„ุณูˆูŠุฏุŒ ูˆููŠู„ู… โ€œA tale of an orange Asliโ€ ู„ูŠุฒู† ุงู„ุฃุณุฏูŠ ู…ู† ู…ุงู„ูŠุฒูŠุง ุŒูˆุฌุงุฆุฒุฉ ุฃูุถู„ ู…ู…ุซู„ ู…ู†ุงุตูุฉ ุจูŠู† ุงู„ู…ู…ุซู„ ุงู„ุงูˆูƒุฑุงู†ูŠ โ€œVasyl Bashaโ€ ุนู† ุฏูˆุฑู‡ ููŠ ููŠู„ู… โ€œููŠ ุงู„ู…ุนุฑูƒุฉโ€ ูˆุงู„ู…ู…ุซู„ ุงู„ู„ุจู†ุงู†ูŠ ุฑูˆุฏุฑูŠุบ ุณู„ูŠู…ุงู† ุนู† ุฏูˆุฑู‡ ููŠ ููŠู„ู…โ€ ุตูˆุฑุฉุŒ ูู†ุฏู‚ ูˆู„ู‡ุงโ€ุŒ ูˆุญุตุฏุช ุฌูˆูŠุง ุฌุจูˆุฑ ุฌุงุฆุฒุฉ ุฃูุถู„ ู…ู…ุซู„ุฉ ุนู† ููŠู„ู… โ€œุฑูˆูŠุงโ€ ู…ู† ู„ุจู†ุงู†ุŒ ู…ู†ุงุตูุฉ ู…ุน ุงู„ู…ู…ุซู„ุฉ ุฑู‡ู ุงู„ุฌุงุจุฑ ุนู† ููŠู„ู… โ€œู‡ุฏูˆุกโ€ ู…ู† ุณูˆุฑูŠุง ุŒ ูˆุฌุงุฆุฒุฉ ุฃูุถู„ ููŠู„ู… ู„ุจู†ุงู†ูŠ ุฐู‡ุจุช ุงู„ู‰ ููŠู„ู… โ€œุดูˆ ุฅุณู…ูƒุŸโ€ ู„ู†ูˆุฑ ุงู„ู…ุฌุจุฑ. ูˆู†ูˆู‡ุช ู„ุฌู†ุฉ ุงู„ุชุญูƒูŠู… ุจุงู„ุฃูู„ุงู… ุงู„ุชุงู„ูŠุฉ: โ€œููŠู„ู… ุฑูˆุชูŠู†โ€ ู„ุฅุณุงู…ุฉ ุฏุงูˆูˆุฏ ู…ู† ุณูˆุฑูŠุง ูˆโ€ู‡ู„ ุชุฑุงู†ูŠโ€ ู„ุนุจุฏุงู„ู„ู‡ ู…ุนุทุงู† ู…ู† ูู„ุณุทูŠู† ูˆโ€ุณูŠู†ู…ุง ุฑูŠููˆู„ูŠโ€ ู„ูŠุงููˆุฒ ุจูˆู„ูˆูƒูƒูˆู…ู† ุชุฑูƒูŠุง ูˆโ€ุงู„ู†ุฌู…ุฉโ€ ู„ุฌู„ุจูŠุฑ ูƒุฑู… ู…ู† ู„ุจู†ุงู†.

ุฃู…ุง ุงู„ุฏู‘ูˆุฑุฉ ุงู„ุซู‘ุงู…ู†ุฉ ูุฃู‚ูŠู…ุช ุนุงู… ูขู ูขูก ุจู…ุดุงุฑูƒุฉ ูขูง ููŠู„ู…ุง ู…ู† ูกูฃ ุจู„ุฏู‹ุง. ูˆุฌุงุกุช ู†ุชุงุฆุฌ ุงู„ู…ุณุงุจู‚ุฉ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุดูƒู„ ุงู„ุชุงู„ูŠ: ู†ุงู„ ุฌุงุฆุฒุฉ ุฃูุถู„ ููŠู„ู… ุฑูˆุงุฆูŠ ููŠู„ู… ู…ู„ุตู‚ ู„ู„ู…ุฎุฑุฌ ุฌูˆุฑุฌูŠ ุฅู… ุฃูˆู†ูƒูˆูุณูƒูŠ ู…ู† ู…ู‚ุฏูˆู†ูŠุง ุงู„ุดู…ุงู„ูŠุฉุŒ ูˆู†ุงู„ ุฌุงุฆุฒุฉ ุฃูุถู„ ู†ุต ุณูŠู†ู…ุงุฆูŠ ููŠู„ู… ุดุงูƒูŠุฑูˆ ู„ู„ู…ุฎุฑุฌ ุฃู„ูŠุฎุงู†ุฏุฑูˆ ุขู†ุฌู„ ุชูˆุฑูŠุณ ู…ู† ูƒูˆู„ูˆู…ุจูŠุงุŒ ูˆุฌุงุฆุฒุฉ ุฃูุถู„ ููŠู„ู… ูˆุซุงุฆู‚ูŠ ู„ููŠู„ู… ุฑุตุงุตุฉ ุบุฒุฉ ู„ู„ู…ุฎุฑุฌ ุฅูŠุงุฏ ุงู„ุฃุณุทู„ ู…ู† ูู„ุณุทูŠู†ุŒ ูˆุฃูุถู„ ููŠู„ู… ุชุญุฑูŠูƒ ู†ุงู„ู‡ุง ููŠู„ู… ุจูƒุฑุฉ ุฎูŠุท ู„ู„ู…ุฎุฑุฌุฉ ุขูŠุฉ ูุคุงุฏ ู…ุฏู†ูŠ ู…ู† ู…ุตุฑุŒ ูˆุฌุงุฆุฒุฉ ุฃูุถู„ ุชุตูˆูŠุฑ ุณูŠู†ู…ุงุฆูŠ ู†ุงู„ู‡ุง ููŠู„ู… ุฏุงูŠูŠ ู„ู„ู…ุฎุฑุฌ ุฃู†ุชูˆู†ูŠ ู†ุชูŠ ู…ู† ุบุงู†ุง ูˆุจู„ุฌูŠูƒุงุŒ ูˆุฌุงุฆุฒุฉ ุฃูุถู„ ู…ู…ุซู„ ู„ุถูŠุง ุญุฑุจ ุนู† ููŠู„ู… ุญูŠุงุฉ ุจุงู„ู‚ุทุงุฑุฉ ู…ู† ูู„ุณุทูŠู†ุŒ ูˆุฃูุถู„ ู…ู…ุซู„ุฉ ู„ุฃู†ุงู‡ูŠุชุง ุฃูุดุงุฑุนู† ููŠู„ู… ุงู„ุดุงู‡ุฏ ู…ู† ูุฑู†ุณุง ูˆุฅูŠุฑุงู†ุŒ ุฃู…ุง ุฌุงุฆุฒุฉ ู„ุฌู†ุฉ ุงู„ุชุญูƒูŠู… ุงู„ุฎุงุตุฉ ู„ู„ุดุจุงุจ ุญุตุฏุชู‡ุง ู†ูˆุฑ ุจุฑุบูˆุชูŠ ุนู† ููŠู„ู… ุญูˆู„ ู…ู†ุฒู„ูŠ ู…ู† ูู„ุณุทูŠู†.

ุฃู…ู‘ุง ุฅุทู„ุงู‚ ุงู„ุฏู‘ูˆุฑุฉ ุงู„ุชู‘ุงุณุนุฉ ู„ู„ู…ู‡ุฑุฌุงู† ุนุงู… ูขู ูขูข ููƒุงู† ุชุญุช ุดุนุงุฑ "ุงู„ุณูŠู†ู…ุง ู…ู† ุฃุฌู„ ุงู„ุชู‘ุนุจูŠุฑ ุงู„ุญุฑู‘"ุŒ ููŠ ุญุถูˆุฑ ุงู„ูู†ู‘ุงู†ูŠู† ูˆุงู„ุฃู‡ุงู„ูŠ ูˆุงู„ุทู‘ู„ู‘ุงุจ. ุดู…ู„ุช ุงู„ูุนุงู„ูŠู‘ุงุช ูู‚ุฑุฉ ู…ูˆุณูŠู‚ูŠู‘ุฉ ู„ูุฑู‚ุฉ ุฃู„ูŠุณุงุฑ ุงู„ุดุจุงุจูŠู‘ุฉ ูˆูู‚ุฑุงุช ูู†ูŠู‘ุฉ ู„ูุฑู‚ุฉ ุชูŠุฑูˆ ู„ู„ูู†ูˆู† ูˆูŠุงูุง ุงู„ูู„ุณุทูŠู†ูŠู‘ุฉ ูˆู…ุนุฑุถ ู„ู…ู„ุตู‚ุงุช ุงู„ุฃูู„ุงู… ู…ู† ุฐุงูƒุฑุฉ ุงู„ุณู‘ูŠู†ู…ุง ุงู„ู„ู‘ุจู†ุงู†ูŠู‘ุฉ ูˆุงู„ู…ุตุฑูŠู‘ุฉ ูˆุงู„ู‡ู†ุฏูŠู‘ุฉ ูˆุนุฑุถุช ูง ุฃูู„ุงู… ู‚ุตูŠุฑุฉ. ุดุงุฑูƒ ููŠ ุงู„ู…ู‡ุฑุฌุงู† ูฃูค ููŠู„ู…ู‹ุง ุฑูˆุงุฆูŠู‹ุง ูˆูˆุซุงุฆู‚ูŠู‹ุง ูˆุชุญุฑูŠูƒ ู…ู† ูขูก ุจู„ุฏู‹ุง ู‡ูŠ ุฃุณุชุฑุงู„ูŠุง ูˆุงู„ุจุญุฑูŠู† ูˆุงู„ุจุฑุงุฒูŠู„ ูˆุฃูŠุณู„ู†ุฏุง ูˆูƒู†ุฏุง ูˆุงู„ุชุดูŠูƒ ูˆุณู„ูˆููŠู†ูŠุง ูˆู…ุตุฑ ูˆูุฑู†ุณุง ูˆู„ุจู†ุงู† ูˆุงู„ู…ุบุฑุจ ูˆูู„ุณุทูŠู† ูˆุจู„ุฌูŠูƒุง ูˆุณูˆุฑูŠุง ูˆุงู„ูˆู„ุงูŠุงุช ุงู„ู…ุชุญุฏุฉ ุงู„ุฃู…ูŠุฑูƒูŠุฉ ูˆุงู„ุฃุฑุฏู† ูˆู…ูˆุฑูŠุชุงู†ูŠุง ูˆุชูˆู†ุณ ูˆุงู„ุนุฑุงู‚ ูˆุฅูŠุทุงู„ูŠุง ูˆุงู„ู…ู…ู„ูƒุฉ ุงู„ู…ุชู‘ุญุฏุฉ. ุญูŠู†ู‡ุงุŒ ุชู†ุงูุณุช ุงู„ุฃูู„ุงู… ุถู…ู† ุงู„ู…ุณุงุจู‚ุฉ ุงู„ุฑุณู…ูŠู‘ุฉ ุนู„ู‰ ุฌูˆุงุฆุฒ ุฃูุถู„ ููŠู„ู… ุฑูˆุงุฆูŠู‘ุŒ ุฃูุถู„ ููŠู„ู… ูˆุซุงุฆู‚ูŠู‘ุŒ ุฃูุถู„ ููŠู„ู… ุชุญุฑูŠูƒุŒ ุฃูุถู„ ู…ู…ุซู‘ู„ุŒ ูˆุฃูุถู„ ู…ู…ุซู‘ู„ุฉ. ุถู…ู‘ุช ู„ุฌู†ุฉ ุชุญูƒูŠู… ุงู„ู…ู‡ุฑุฌุงู† ุงู„ู…ุฎุฑุฌ ุจู‡ูŠุฌ ุญุฌูŠุฌ ูˆุงู„ู…ุฎุฑุฌุฉ ุงู„ูู„ุณุทูŠู†ูŠู‘ุฉ ู…ูŠ ุงู„ู…ุตุฑูŠ ูˆุงู„ู…ุฎุฑุฌุฉ ุงู„ุฅุณุจุงู†ูŠู‘ุฉ ุฃู†ู‘ุง ุณู†ุฏุฑูŠุฑูˆ ุฃู„ูุฑูŠุฒ. ูˆุฌุงุกุช ุงู„ู†ุชุงุฆุฌ ูƒุงู„ุชู‘ุงู„ูŠ: - ุฃูุถู„ ููŠู„ู… ุชุญุฑูŠูƒ: "ุจูƒุฑุฉ ุฎูŠุท" ู…ู† ู…ุตุฑ - ุฃูุถู„ ููŠู„ู… ุฑูˆุงุฆูŠู‘: "ุบุฏู‹ุง ูŠุฃุชูŠ ุงู„ุญุจ" ู…ู† ูู„ุณุทูŠู† ูˆู„ุจู†ุงู† ูˆูุฑู†ุณุง ูˆุจู„ุฌูŠูƒุง - ุฃูุถู„ ููŠู„ู… ูˆุซุงุฆู‚ูŠู‘: "ู…ุดุงู‡ุฏ ู…ู† ุงู„ุจูŠุช" ู…ู† ู„ุจู†ุงู† - ุฃูุถู„ ู…ู…ุซู‘ู„: ุญูˆู…ุงู† ุฑุถุง ุนู† ููŠู„ู… "ูŠูˆู… ุนุงุฏูŠ ุฌุฏู‹ุง" ู…ู† ุณูˆุฑูŠุง - ุฃูุถู„ ู…ู…ุซู‘ู„ุฉ: ุจุงุฏูˆ ู…ูˆุฑูŠุณ ุนู† ููŠู„ู… "ุณู…ุงุก ุขุจ" ู…ู† ุงู„ุจุฑุงุฒูŠู„ ูˆุฃูŠุณู„ู†ุฏุง

ูˆุงู†ุทู„ู‚ุช ุงู„ุฏูˆุฑุฉ ุงู„ุนุงุดุฑุฉ ู…ู†ยซู…ู‡ุฑุฌุงู† ุตูˆุฑ ุงู„ุณูŠู†ู…ุงุฆูŠ ุงู„ุฏูˆู„ูŠ ู„ู„ุฃูู„ุงู… ุงู„ู‚ุตูŠุฑุฉยป ุชุญุช ุดุนุงุฑ "ุงู„ุณูŠู†ู…ุง ู„ู„ุฌู…ูŠุน " ููŠ ยซุงู„ู…ุณุฑุญ ุงู„ูˆุทู†ูŠู‘ ุงู„ู„ู‘ุจู†ุงู†ูŠู‘ ุงู„ู…ุฌุงู†ูŠยป ููŠ ู…ุฏูŠู†ุฉ ุตูˆุฑุŒ ุจู…ุดุงุฑูƒุฉ ุฃูู„ุงู… ุชุชู†ูˆุน ุจูŠู† ุงู„ุฑูˆุงุฆูŠ ูˆุงู„ูˆุซุงุฆู‚ูŠ ูˆุงู„ุชุญุฑูŠูƒ ุจู…ุดุงุฑูƒุฉ 29 ููŠู„ู…ุงู‹ ู…ู† 18 ุฏูˆู„ุฉ ูˆู‡ูŠ ุงู„ุฌุฒุงุฆุฑุŒ ุงู„ู…ู…ู„ูƒุฉ ุงู„ุนุฑุจูŠุฉ ุงู„ุณุนูˆุฏูŠุฉุŒ ุงู„ุนุฑุงู‚ุŒ ูุฑู†ุณุงุŒ ุฅูŠุฑุงู†ุŒ ุณูˆุฑูŠุงุŒ ุงู„ุจุญุฑูŠู†ุŒ ุณูˆูŠุณุฑุงุŒ ุงู„ูˆู„ุงูŠุงุช ุงู„ู…ุชุญุฏุฉ ุงู„ุฃู…ุฑูŠูƒูŠุฉุŒ ุงู„ู…ู…ู„ูƒุฉ ุงู„ู…ุชุญุฏุฉุŒ ุจู„ุฌูŠูƒุงุŒ ุฌู…ู‡ูˆุฑูŠุฉ ุงู„ุชุดูŠูƒุŒ ูู„ุณุทูŠู†ุŒ ุฅูŠุทุงู„ูŠุงุŒ ุงู„ุฃุฑุฏู†ุŒ ุงู„ุตูŠู†ุŒ ู…ุตุฑ ูˆู„ุจู†ุงู†ุŒ ูˆุฐู„ูƒ ุจุงู„ุชุนุงูˆู† ู…ุน ู…ุคุณุณุฉ ุฏุฑูˆุณูˆุณ ุงู„ุณูˆูŠุณุฑูŠุฉ. ูˆุฌุงุกุช ู†ุชุงุฆุฌ ู„ุฌู†ุฉ ุงู„ุชุญูƒูŠู… ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุดูƒู„ ุงู„ุชุงู„ูŠ: ุฃูุถู„ ููŠู„ู… ุฑูˆุงุฆูŠ ู…ู†ุงุตูุฉ ุจูŠู† ููŠู„ู… "ู†ูุณ ุงู„ุนู…ุฑ" ู„ู„ู…ุฎุฑุฌ ุงุฑูŠุฏ ู„ูŠ ุชุดูˆูŠ ู…ู† ุงู„ูˆู„ุงูŠุงุช ุงู„ู…ุชุญุฏุฉ ุงู„ุฃู…ุฑูŠูƒูŠุฉ ูˆููŠู„ู… "ู‚ุตุฉ ุดุนุฑ" ู„ู„ู…ุฎุฑุฌ ุชุดุงูˆ ุงู†ุฑุงู† ู…ู† ุงู„ุตูŠู†ุŒ ูˆุฌุงุฆุฒุฉ ุฃูุถู„ ููŠู„ู… ูˆุซุงุฆู‚ูŠ ู„ููŠู„ู… "ุฃุทูุงู„ ุงู„ ุงุฑ ุจูŠ ุฌูŠู‡" ู„ู„ู…ุฎุฑุฌ ุนุจุฏุงู„ู„ู‡ ู…ุนุทุงู† ู…ู† ูู„ุณุทูŠู†ุŒ ูˆุฌุงุฆุฒุฉ ุฃูุถู„ ููŠู„ู… ุชุญุฑูŠูƒ ู„ููŠู„ู… "ุญุฌู…" ุงู„ู…ุฎุฑุฌ ุฌูˆุฒูŠู ุจูŠุฑุณ ู…ู† ุจุฑูŠุทุงู†ูŠุง ูˆุจู„ุฌูŠูƒุง ูˆูุฑู†ุณุง ูˆุฌู…ู‡ูˆุฑูŠุฉ ุงู„ุชุดูŠูƒุŒ ูˆุฌุงุฆุฒุฉ ุฃูุถู„ ุณูŠู†ุงุฑูŠูˆ ู„ููŠู„ู… "ู†ุงูŠูƒ ููˆู„" ู…ู† ุณูˆุฑูŠุงุŒ ูˆุฌุงุฆุฒุฉ ุฃูุถู„ ู…ู…ุซู„ ุงู„ู‰ ุฅูŠู„ูŠ ุงูˆู‡ุงู†ุง ุนู† ููŠู„ู… "ู‚ุจู„ ุงู„ุงู†ู‡ูŠุงุฑ ุงู„ูƒุจูŠุฑ" ู„ู„ู…ุฎุฑุฌ ุงู„ู„ุจู†ุงู†ูŠ ุงุณุนุฏ ุงู„ุฎูˆูŠุฑูŠุŒ ูˆุฌุงุฆุฒุฉ ุฃูุถู„ ุชุตูˆูŠุฑ ุณูŠู†ู…ุงุฆูŠ ู…ู†ุงุตูุฉ ุจูŠู† ููŠู„ู… "ู…ู† ุงู„ุฌุจู„ " ู„ู„ู…ุฎุฑุฌ ููŠุตู„ ุงุทุฑุดูŠ ู…ู† ุงู„ุฃุฑุฏู†ุŒ ูˆููŠู„ู… " ู‚ุจู„ ุงู„ุงู†ู‡ูŠุงุฑ ุงู„ูƒุจูŠุฑ" ู…ู† ู„ุจู†ุงู†ุŒ ูˆุฌุงุฆุฒุฉ ุฃูุถู„ ู…ู…ุซู„ุฉ ุงู„ู‰ ุดูŠู† ูŠูˆุจูŠ ุนู† ููŠู„ู… "ู‚ุตุฉ ุดุนุฑ" ู„ู„ู…ุฎุฑุฌ ุชุดุงูˆ ุงู†ุฑุงู† ู…ู† ุงู„ุตูŠู†ุŒ ูˆุฌุงุฆุฒุฉ ุชู†ูˆูŠุฉ ู„ุฌู†ุฉ ุงู„ุชุญูƒูŠู… ุงู„ู…ุคู„ูุฉ ู…ู† ุงู„ู…ุฎุฑุฌุฉ ุงู„ุงุณุจุงู†ูŠุฉ ุฃู†ุง ุฃู„ูุฑูŠุฒ ูˆุงู„ู…ุฎุฑุฌ ุงู„ุณูˆุฏุงู†ูŠ ู†ุงุตุฑ ูŠูˆุณู ูˆุงู„ู…ุฎุฑุฌูŠู† ู…ูˆุฑูŠุงู„ ุฃุจูˆ ุงู„ุฑูˆุณ ูˆูˆู„ูŠุฏ ู…ูˆู†ุณ ูˆูุงุฏูŠ ุณุฑูŠุงู†ูŠ ูˆุดุงุฏูŠ ุฒูŠุฏุงู† ู…ู† ู„ุจู†ุงู†ุŒ ู†ุงู„ู‡ุง ููŠู„ู… "ุญุฌู„" ู„ู„ู…ุฎุฑุฌ ู„ุคูŠ ูุงุถู„ุŒ ูˆ"ู…ุฑุงูŠุง" ู„ู„ู…ุฎุฑุฌ ู…ุญู…ุฏ ุฃุฑูƒุงู† ู…ู† ุงู„ุนุฑุงู‚ุŒ ุฃู…ุง ุฌุงุฆุฒุฉ ุงู„ุฌู…ู‡ูˆุฑ ู†ุงู„ู‡ุง ููŠู„ู… "ุงู„ู…ู†ูŠูˆุฑ" ู„ู„ู…ุฎุฑุฌ ู…ุญู…ุฏ ุงู„ุนุฌู…ูŠ ู…ู† ุณู„ุทู†ุฉ ุนู…ุงู†.

ูˆุงู‚ูŠู…ุช ุงู„ุฏูˆุฑุฉ ุงู„ุญุงุฏูŠุฉ ุนุดุฑ ุฏูˆุฑุฉ ุงู„ูู†ุงู† ุงู†ุทูˆุงู† ูƒุฑุจุงุฌ ุจู…ุดุงุฑูƒุฉ 29 ููŠู„ู…ุงู‹ ู…ู† 27 ุฏูˆู„ุฉ ูˆุฌุงุกุช ู†ุชุงุฆุฌ ุงู„ู…ุณุงุจู‚ุฉ ุงู„ุฑุณู…ูŠุฉ ู„ู„ู…ู‡ุฑุฌุงู† ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุดูƒู„ ุงู„ุชุงู„ูŠ : ู†ุงู„ ุฌุงุฆุฒุฉ ุฃูุถู„ ููŠู„ู… ูˆุซุงุฆู‚ูŠ ููŠู„ู… ุงู„ุชุญุฏูŠ ู„ู„ู…ุฎุฑุฌ ุฌุนูุฑ ุนู„ูŠ ู…ู† ุงู„ุนุฑุงู‚ุŒ ูˆุฌุงุฆุฒุฉ ุฃูุถู„ ููŠู„ู… ุชุญุฑูŠูƒ ุญุตุฏู‡ุง ููŠู„ู… ู…ู† ุงู„ุจุญุฑ ู„ู„ู…ุฎุฑุฌ ู„ุดุงู† ุทูˆู…ุณูˆู† ู…ู† ูƒู†ุฏุง ุŒ ูˆุฌุงุฆุฒุฉ ุฃูุถู„ ููŠู„ู… ุฑูˆุงุฆูŠ ู…ู†ุงุตูุฉ ุจูŠู† ููŠู„ู… ูŠูˆู… ุนุงุฏูŠ ู„ู„ู…ุฎุฑุฌ ุฃุจุง ุงู„ุญุณู† ู‚ุงุณู… ู…ู† ุงู„ุนุฑุงู‚ ูˆููŠู„ู… ุงู„ู…ุญุงูƒู…ุฉ ู„ู„ู…ุฎุฑุฌ ุฃุญู…ุฏ ุณู„ุงู… ู…ู† ูƒุฑุฏุณุชุงู† ุงู„ุนุฑุงู‚ุŒ ูˆุฌุงุฆุฒุฉ ุฃูุถู„ ุณูŠู†ุงุฑูŠูˆ ู…ู†ุงุตูุฉ ุจูŠู† ููŠู„ู… ุงู„ุญูˆุถ ู„ู„ู…ุฎุฑุฌุฉ ูˆุงู„ูƒุงุชุจุฉ ุฑูŠู… ุงู„ู…ุงุฌุฏ ู…ู† ุงู„ุณุนูˆุฏูŠุฉุŒ ูˆููŠู„ู… ุงู„ุชุญูˆูŠู„ุฉ ู„ู„ู…ุฎุฑุฌ ุธุงูุฑ ุงู„ุดู‡ุฑูŠ ู…ู† ุงู„ุณุนูˆุฏูŠุฉุŒ ูˆุฌุงุฆุฒุฉ ุฃูุถู„ ุชุตูˆูŠุฑ ุณูŠู†ู…ุงุฆูŠ ู†ุงู„ู‡ุง ุฌู…ุงู„ ูˆู…ุญู…ุฏ ู…ุทุฑ ุนู† ููŠู„ู… ู„ูŠู„ูŠ ุฏุงุฎู„ูŠ ู„ู„ู…ุฎุฑุฌ ุญุณุงู… ุดุฑุงุจุงุชูŠ ู…ู† ุณูˆุฑูŠุงุŒ ูˆุฌุงุฆุฒุฉ ุฃูุถู„ ู…ู…ุซู„ุฉ ู†ุงู„ุชู‡ุง ุนู„ุง ุจุงุดุง ุนู† ููŠู„ู… ู„ูŠู„ูŠ ุฏุงุฎู„ูŠุŒ ูˆุฌุงุฆุฒุฉ ุงู„ุฌู…ู‡ูˆุฑ ู„ููŠู„ู… ุงู„ู†ูุณ ุงู„ุฃุฎูŠุฑ ู„ุฑูˆุงู† ููˆุงู†ูŠ ู…ู† ู„ุจู†ุงู†ุŒ ูˆุฌุงุฆุฒุฉ ุชู†ูˆูŠู‡ ู„ุฌู†ุฉ ุงู„ุชุญูƒูŠู… ู„ููŠู„ู… ุชุญุช ุงู„ุฑู…ุงู„ ู„ู„ู…ุฎุฑุฌ ุฌุงู† ุงู„ุจู„ูˆุดูŠ ู…ู† ุงู„ุจุญุฑูŠู† ูˆููŠู„ู… ุงู„ู„ู‡ ูŠุฑุญู…ู‡ ู„ู„ู…ุฎุฑุฌ ุงู†ุทูˆุงู† ุนู†ุชุงุจูŠ ู…ู† ุฃู„ู…ุงู†ูŠุงุŒ ูุฑู†ุณุงุŒ ู‚ุทุฑ. ูˆูƒุฑู…ุช ุฅุฏุงุฑุฉ ุงู„ู…ู‡ุฑุฌุงู† ุงู„ุฑุงุญู„ูŠู† ุณู…ูŠุฑ ุบุงู†ู… ูˆุฏู„ุงู„ ุนุจุฏุงู„ุนุฒูŠุฒ ูˆุงู„ู…ุฎุฑุฌ ุงู„ุฑุงุญู„ ู„ุคูŠ ูุงุถู„ ูˆุงู„ูƒุงุชุจ ุนุจุฏ ุงู„ูƒุฑูŠู… ุณู„ุงู…ุฉ ู…ู† ุงู„ุนุฑุงู‚.